2007

Contaminant

Range

MCL

MCLG

Most Likely Source

PRIMARY INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS

Antimony (mg/L)

 0.0003-0.0007

0.006

0.006

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Arsenic (mg/L)

 0.0007-0.0012

0.01

0.01

Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes

Barium (mg/L)

 0.079-0.370

2

2

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Chromium (mg/L)

0.0013-

0.1

0.1

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Cyanide (mg/L)

 0.005-0.019

0.2

0.2

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Fluoride(mg/L)

0.1-1.2

4

4

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Mercury (mg/L)

 0.0002-0.0004

0.002

0.002

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Thallium (mg/L)

0.0009

0.002

0.0005

Leaching from ore processing sites and discharges from electronics, glass and drug factories

Nitrate (mg/L)

0.2-3.6

10

10

Runoff from fertilizer, leaching from
spetic tanks, sewage and naturally 
eroding deposits

Nitrite (mg/L)

  0.005-0.057

1

1

Runoff from fertilizer, leaching from
spetic tanks, sewage and naturally
eroding deposits

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (mg/L)

0.2-3.5

10

10

Runoff from fertilizer, leaching from
spetic tanks, sewage and naturally
eroding deposits

Selenium (mg/L)

 0.0005-0.0071

0.05

0.05

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Sodium (mg/L)

9.1-18

NE

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits
road de-icing

Sulfate (mg/L)

23-35

1000

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L)

190-229

2000

NE

Soil runoff

Turbidity (NTU)

0.07-0.35

0.3-5.0

TT

Soil runoff, MCL if 0.5 for surface water and 5.0 for groundwater

LEAD & COPPER (Tested at customer tap)

Copper (mg/L)

0.009-0.88

AL=1.3

1.3

Corrosion of household plumbing system

Lead (mg/L)

ND-0.183

AL=0.015

0

Corrosion of household plumbing system

SECONDARY INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS

Aluminum (mg/L)

ND-0.11

0.05-0.2

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Color (CU)

0-5

15

NE

Decaying naturally occurring organic material

Chloride (mg/L)

14.0-27.8

250

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits, road de-icing

Iron (mg/L)

0.02-0.30

0.3

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Manganese (mg/L)

ND-0.02

0.05

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Odor (TON)

0-1

3

NE

Various sources

pH (units)

6.8-8.6

6.5-8.5

NE

Naturally occurring

Zinc (mg/L)

ND-0.01

5

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

NONREGULATED CONTAMINANTS

Bicarbonate (mg/L)

112-320

UR

NE

Naturally occurring

Boron (mg/L)

0.05-0.12

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Calcium (mg/L)

13-179

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Carbon Dioxide (mg/L)

85-230

UR

NE

Naturally occurring

Total Hardness (mg/L) as CaCo3

98-201

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Calcium Hardness (mg/L)

122-164

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Orthophosphates (mg/L)

0.01-0.02

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Phosphates (mg/L)

<0.10-<0.10

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Potassium (mg/L)

1.7-15.0

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits, treatment

Strontium (mg/L)

0.26-0.40

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Alkalinity (mg/L)

126-144

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Magnesium (mg/L)

5.3-54.0

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Metheyene Blue Active (mg/L)

0.01-0.16

UR

NE

Naturally occurring

Silica (mg/L)

6.8-55.0

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

TSS (mg/L)

<3.0-19.0

UR

NE

Suspended material from soil runoff

MICROBIOLOGICAL

Total Coliform, colonies/100mL

110 monthly

>5%

0

MCL for monthly compliance. All repeated samples were negative; no violations were issued. Human and animal fecal waste, naturally occurring in environment.

RADIOLOGICAL

Alpha Emitters (pCi/L)

8.2-15.1

15 pCi/L

15 pCi/L

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Beta/Photon Emitters (pCi/L)

4.1-8.7

50

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Radium 228 (pCi/L)

Combined Radium 226 & 228

0.13-0.90

0.1-2.9

NE

Erosion of naturaly occurring deposits

Radon (pCi/L)

6.3-2672

NE

NE

Naturally occurring in soil

Strontium mg/L

0.26-0.40

UR

NE

Erosion of naturally occurring deposits

Strontium 90 (pCi/L)

4.7-9

NA

NE

Decay of natural and man-made deposits 

Tritium (pCi/L)

 -180-342

NA

NE

Decay of natural and man-made deposits 

PESTICIDE/PBB/SOC CONTAMINANTS

Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Adipate (ug/L)

 ND-1

400 

400 

VOLATILE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS

Tetrachloroethylene (mg/L)

0.0008 

0.005 

0 

Improper disposal of dry cleaning and other solvents 

REGULATED ORGANICS

Bromodichloromethane (ppb)

0-2.5

NE

NE

By-product of drinking water chlorination 

Chlorodibromomethane (ppb)

0-0.9

NE

NE

By-product of drinking water chlorination 

Chloroform (ppb)

0-4.9

NE

NE

By-product of drinking water chlorination 

DISINFECTION-BY-PRODUCTS

Tthm's [total Trihalomethanes] (ug/L)

7.0-64.1

80

NE

By-product of drinking water chlorination

Chlorate (ug/L)

43-115

NE

NE

Treatment disinfection

Chlorite (ug/L)

39-283

NE

NE

Treatment disinfection

Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) (ug/L)

11.4-53.1

NE

NE

Treatment disinfection

Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA6) (ug/L)

30.5-58.0

NE

NE

Treatment disinfection

ORGANIC MATERIAL

TOC (mg/L)

2.26-2.60

UR

NE

Naturally occurring

UV-254 (1/cm)

0.013-0.087

UR

NE

Naturally occurring

DEFINITIONS FOR TABLE OF CONTAMINANTS:

ND – Non-detects – Laboratory analysis indicates that the constituent is not present.
PPM – Parts per million or milligrams per liter (mg/l) – one part per million corresponds to one minute in two years or a single penny in $10,000.
PPB – Parts per billion or Micrograms per liter – one part per billion corresponds to one minute in 2,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000.
PPT – Parts per trillion or nanograms per liter (nanograms/l) – one part per trillion corresponds to one minute in 2,000,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000,000.
PCi/L – picocuries per liter – picocuries per liter is a measure of the radioactivity in water.
NTU – Nephelometric Turbidity Unit – Nephelometric Turbidity Unite is a measure of the clarity of water. Turbidity in excess of 5 NTU is just noticeable to the average person.
AL – Action Level – The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.
TT – Treatment Technique – A treatment technique is a required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
MCL – Maximum Contaminant Level – The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCL’s are set as close to the MCLG’s as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
MCLG – Maximum Contaminant Level Goal – The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is not known or expected risk to health. MCLG’s allow for a margin of safety.
NE – Not established.
UR – Unregulated.
Range – Range of measurements based on testing of Sandy City sources.
(a) The MCL for beta particles is 4 mrem (millirems) per year.  EPA considers 50 pCi/L to be the level of concern for beta particles.